CLASS 7 SCIENCE CHAPTER 12 SOLUTION

 Chapter 12 

Reproduction in Plants

 

Here is some important points and answer  of chapter 12  REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS  NCERT science of class 7 which helps students to better understand the  topics of chapter. 

Keynotes of Chap 12 

1) Asexual reproduction:- In asexual reproduction plant can give rise to new plant without seeds.

2) Budding:- In  yeast  new yeast cell grown up with the help of bud like structure this process is known as budding 

3.Embryo:- Developing  stage of zygote from the formation of seed is known as embryo.

4.Fertilisation :-the fusion of male and female gametes is known as fertilisation.

 

5.Ovule :- It is a female gametes of plant present in side of ovary.

6.Pollen grains :- Male gametes of plants present inside of anther.

7.Pollination :- The process of transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma.

8.Seed dispersal:-  Reaching of seeds on  the tip  of  the ovary to the different places  by different medium (air,water,animal,etc.)

9.Sexual reproduction:- The reproduction in male and female both take part is known as sexual reproduction.

10.Vegetative Propagation:- Growing of new plant by the vegetative part (stem,root, etc )is known as vegetative Propagation.

11.Zygote:- Fertilised egg is called zygote

Solution of textbook questions of chapter 7 

Q.1.Fill in the blanks:
(a) Production of new individuals from the vegetative part of parent is called ___________. 
(b) A flower may have either male or female reproductive parts. Such a flower is called _______.

(c) The transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same or of
another flower of the same kind is known as __________.
(d) The fusion of male and female gametes is termed as ____________ .
(e) Seed dispersal takes place by means of ________ and __________.
Ans. (a) vegetative reproduction (b) unisexual flower (c) self pollination (d) fertilisation (e) wind,water and animal.

Q.2. Describe the different methods of asexual reproduction. Give examples.

Ans. Different methods of asexual reproduction are:
(a) Binary Fission: This process takes place in unicellular organisms. Parent cell elongates and gets divided into two identical daughter cells. Each daughter cell grows into an independent adult.
(b) Endospore Formation: In this method the spore wall is formed around a bacterial cell to form an endospore. This endospore germinates to form an active bacterium under favourable conditions.
(c) Fragmentation: In this process, body of the organism breaks up into two parts. Then each part grows into a new filament thus forming two organisms from a single one.
(d) Spore Formation: The spores are tiny spherical unicellular structures protected by thick wall. The spores are stored in a hard outer covering and this is called sporangium. Under favourable conditions the hard cover breaks and spores spread for germination.
(e) Budding: In yeast, new organisms are produced by the bud formation from the parent organism. After growing to full size, the bud gets detached and forms a new independent individual.
(f) Vegetative propagation: When vegetative parts of a plant like stems, leaves and root etc., give rise to new ones, it is.called vegetative propagation.

Q3. Explain what do you  understand by sexual reproduction.

Ans In sexual reproduction two gametes  or cell either from the same parent or different parent fuses to form a new individual.

For example. The flower is the reproductive part of a plant  stamen are the male part and pistil is the female reproductive part.Flower reproduce seeds that germinate to form a new plant.

Question4. State the main difference between asexual and sexual reproduction.

Solution:

Difference between asexual and sexual reproduction:

Sexual reproduction	Asexual reproduction
In this process, two parents are involved.	In this process, a single parent is involved.
Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes.	In asexual reproduction, plants can give rise to new plants without seeds.

Ques 5 .Sketch the reproductive parts of a flower. 

Ans.

Question6. Explain the difference between self-pollination and cross-pollination.

Solution. Pollination is the process of transfer of pollen grains from a mature anther to the stigma of a pistil of the flower.

 Self pollination- It occurs within the same flower or between two flower of the same plant.

Cross pollination: It occurs between two flowers born on different  plants of the same species.

Ques 7.How does the process of fertilisation take place in flowers?

Solution. When the pollen grain reaches the stigma of a same species flower, it starts

growing out into the pollen tube of the stigma. This tube continues to grow inside the style till it reaches the ovule. Male cells are released into the ovule for the fertilization with the female egg cell and thus the zygote is formed. After this process of fertilization, the ovary develops into fruit and ovule into seeds.

Ques.8 Describe  the various ways by which seeds are dispersed?  

Solution :- The dispersal of seeds may occur in various ways as follows:- 

Winds eg. In  sunflower and oak 

Water eg . In coconut

Animals eg In xanthium 

Bursting eg In Castor and Balsam

THE SOLUTION OF CHAPTER 12  REPRODUCTION IN PLANTS OF SCIENCE NCERT OF CLASS 7 IS GIVEN ACCORDING TO LATEST SYLLABUS CBSE . 

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