CHAPTER 13
WHY DO WE FALL ILL
This article brings you the CBSE Class 9 Science notes on chapter 13 'WHY DO WE FALL ILL'. These chapter notes are prepared by the subject expert and cover every important topic from the chapter. In between these notes, questions are provided. Students must solve these questions to test their understanding about the learned topics. These questions will help you to track your preparation level and get a hold on the subject.
In this chapter 13 'WHY DO WE FALL ILL'we cover following topics -
•Health,
•Disease
•Acute Disease
•Chronic Disease
• Difference between Acute and Chronic Disease
•Causes of Diseases
•Non Infectious Disease
• Infectious Disease
•Types of disease with example
•Communicable Disease
•Principles of Treatment
•Immunity
•Prevention of Diseases
Important Notes Of CHAPTER 13 'WHY DO WE FALL ILL' of CLASS 9 SCIENCE NCERT for 2020-21.
Health :- It is a state of being well enough to function well physically mentally and socially.
Disease:- (Disturbed Ease) means being uncomfortable one or more systems of the body will change,give rise to"symptoms"(cause loose motions,pus formation,headache,fever, breathelessness, vomiting,fits,,uncounciousness,inflamation, swelling and general effects- a doctor looks for the basis of symptoms. Disease are basically two types- Acute disease and Chronic disease.
Acute Disease:- The disease which lasts for only a short period of time is called Acute Disease. Example:- Common Cold.
Chronic Disease:- The Disease which lasts for long period of time is called Chronic Disease.
Example:- Tuberculosis.
Difference Between Acute Disease and Chronic Disease
Acute Disease:-
•They are short duration.
•Patient recover completly after the cure.
•There is no loss of weight or feeling of tiredness afterwards.
•There is short duration loss of work and efficiency.
Chronic Disease:-
•They are long lasting disease.
•The patient does not recover completly.
•There is often loss of weight or feeling of tiredness.
•There is a prolonged loss of work and efficiency.
Causes of Disease:- Most of the disease have many causes rather than one single cause,like unclean water,nourishment, genetic differences,genetic abnormalities.
Example:- Based on the causes disease are of two types:- Non infections disease and infectious Disease.
Non infectious Disease:- Not caused by infectious agents, mostly internal and non infectious cause.
Example:- Cancer.
Infectious Disease:- Caused by infectious agents.
Types of disease and its example:-
1.Bacterial Disease:- Typhoid, Cholera, Tuberculosis, Acne, Anthrax.
2.Viral Disease:- Common cold, influenza, dengue fever, AIDS, Japanese encephalitis(brain fever).
3. Fungal Disease:- Skin Disease.
4.Protozoan Disease:- Malaria(Plasmodium),kaalazar(leishmania), sleeping sickness(trypanosoma).
5.Worm Disease:- Ascariosis(round worm),elephantiasis(wucheria).
Communicable Disease:- The infectious disease spread by agents are called as communicable Disease.
Types of Disease with example.
1. Air borne Disease :- Pneumonia, common cold, tuberculosis.
2.Water borne Disease:- Cholera, Hepatitis.
3.Sexual Disease:- HIV, Syphilis.
4.Animal borne Disease:- Rabbies( vector- the animal carrying infectious agents from a sick person to another patenticle host without getting affected. Example:- Mosquito carrying malaria parasite.
Principle of Treatment:-
•Antibiotics- Many bacteria makes a cell wall to protect themselves. The antibiotic (penicillin) blocks the biochemical pathways. Antibiotics do not work against viral infections, antiviral medicine is harder than making antibacterial medicines because virus has only few biochemical mechanism of their own other medicines bring down fever,reduce pain or loose motions. We can take bed rest to conserve energy.
Principles Of Prevention:- Following three limitations are normally confronted while treating an infectious disease.
•Once someone has disease, their body function are damaged and may never recover completly.
•Treatment will take time which means that someone suffering from disease will likely to have bedridden for some time even if we can give proper treatment.
•The person suffering from an infectious disease can serve as the source from where the infection may spread to other people.
General ways of preventing infectious disease.
•Air borne- We can prevent exposure by providing living conditions that are not overcrowded.
•Water Borne:- Prevented by providing sale drinking water. This is done by treating the water. This is done by treating the water to kill any microbial contamination.
•Vector Borne:- We can provide clean environment which would not allow mosquito breeding.
Immunity:- Even in cells their is repair mechanism called immunity. Immune cell manage to kill of the infectious agents. Small pox disease is eliminated by developing memory cell for particular infection. The microbes called 'vaccine'.
The basis of immunization:- If you had small pox once. There was no chance of suffering from its again proper nutrition is essential to maintain body immunity. There are vaccines against tetanus, diphtheria,whooping cough,measles,polio and many other diseases.
Prevention of Diseases:- It is better than cure hygine. It is the basic key to maintain good health.
These are the complete notes of Chapter 13 Why Do We Fall ILL of Science Of Class 9. This is according to the latest syllabus of CBSE 2020-21.
•Block questions of CHAPTER 13 Why Do We Fall ILL of Class 9 Science NCERT.
Page no-178
Ques 1. State any two conditions essential for good health.
Ans.Health is the state of being well enough to function well physically,mentally and socially.
Therefore,for good health.
I)One should be disease free.
II)There should be social equality and harmony which are essential for individual health particularly for social and mental health.
Ques 2. State any two conditions essential for being free of diseases.
Ans.I) Remain away from specific and particular cause for discomfort or disease for which personal and public cleanliness and good physical environment are necessary.
II)Proper and sufficient food necessary for functioning of cell and tissues of body.
Ques 3.Are the answers to the above questions necessarily the same or different?Why?
Ans. The answers to above questions are different because a person may be free of disease but not be good mentally,socially and economically.
Page No-180
Ques 1. List any three reasons why you would think that you are sick and ought to see a doctor. If only one of these symptoms were present,would you still go to the doctor?Why or why not?
Ans. Common symptoms,which identicable sickness are:-
I)Headache
II)Cough and
III)Loose Motion
Even seeing one symptoms, I will go to doctor.
Reason:- A single symptoms is the sign in a disease on delaying. It may lead to serious illness. For example:- headache may mean meningitis.
Ques 2. In which of the following case do you think the long term effects on your health are likely to be most unpleasant?
•if you get jaundice,
•if you get lice,
•if you get acne.
Why?
Ans. Jaundice, because it is chronic disease and takes time to be cured. Moreover, jaundice effects the whole body and it takes long time to be healthy.
Page no- 186
Ques 1. Why are we normally advised to take bland and nourishing food when we are sick?
Ans. Infectious disease show a lack of success of the immune system of the body. For the functioning of immune system properly sufficient nourishment and easily digestable food is necessary for a sick person.
Ques 2. What are the different means by which infectious diseases are spread?
Ans. Infection causing microbes travel from patient to person through:-
i)Air:- Sneezing or coughing since little droplets are thrown which they reach another person through air. Example: common cold, pneumonia, etc.
ii)Water:- Contiminated water carries disease causing microbes which cause infection on its wage. Example disease such as Cholera.
iii) Sexual contact:- Disease such as Syphilis or AIDS are transmitted by sexual contact from one person to the other.
iv) Animals:- These are intermediaries called vectors transmitting disease from a patient to the host. Example mosquito (from anopheles mosquito) cause spread of malaria.
Ques 3. What precautions would you take in your school to reduce the incidence of infectious diseases?
Ans.i) Preventing overcrowding classes.
ii) Providing safe drinking water.
iii) Cleanliness in the school premises and also in the classroom.
iv) Use of handkerchief or towel while an infected student in sneezing or coughing.
v)Use of clean toilets.
vi) Not to allow water to stagnate in school or around the school to avoid mosquito breeding.
vii) To get vaccinated whenever programmes organised for inoculation against various diseases.
viii) Not eating food exposed to flies, mosquitoes, etc.
Ques 4. What is immunization?
Ans. Introduction of mild type of infection(microbes) or killed infectious microbes into the body by vaccination/by others means to activate the immune system against a particular infection/ disease is called immunization.
Ques 5. What is the immunization programes available at the neared health center in your locality? Which of these disease or the major health problems in your area?
Ans. Immunization programes
I) BCG vaccine against tuberculosis.
II)Polio drops against polio.
III) Vaccination against chicken pox.
IV) Vaccination against Hepatitis.
V) DPT vaccination against diptheria, whooping cough and tetanus.
vi) Immunisation against measles.
Major health problem are hepatitis, chicken pox, tuberculosis, tetanus.
These are the complete notes of CHAPTER 13 WHY DO WE FALL ILL OF SCIENCE NCERT CLASS 9. Hope these notes helpful to better understand the CHAPTER 13 WHY DO WE FALL ILL.
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